{"id":431,"date":"2010-10-26T15:26:23","date_gmt":"2010-10-26T15:26:23","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/contrariwise.wild-reality.net\/blog\/?p=431"},"modified":"2015-07-24T01:06:30","modified_gmt":"2015-07-24T01:06:30","slug":"i-cannot-remember-any-other-motive","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/contrariwise.info\/blog\/2010\/10\/26\/i-cannot-remember-any-other-motive\/","title":{"rendered":"&#8220;I cannot remember any other motive&#8230;&#8221;: the chronology of creating Wonderland"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"http:\/\/contrariwise.wild-reality.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/10\/dl-portrait-npg-lewis-carroll.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/contrariwise.wild-reality.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/10\/dl-portrait-npg-lewis-carroll.jpg\" alt=\"dl-portrait-npg-lewis-carroll\" width=\"708\" height=\"442\" class=\"aligncenter\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>It&#8217;ll\u00a0 be November soon, the month in which <em>Alice&#8217;s\u00a0 Adventures Underground<\/em> was begun and (two looong\u00a0 years later) finally delivered to its intended recipient, Alice Liddell.\u00a0\u00a0 It&#8217;s\u00a0 one of the most myth-drenched areas of Lewis Carroll&#8217;s life.\u00a0 So it does no harm to use the upcoming anniversary to take another look.\u00a0 (By the way, for those who know what I&#8217;m talking about, \u00a0 I think of the image on the right as being captioned\u00a0 &#8220;trying to engage in rational argument on an e-list.&#8221; )<\/p>\n<p>Anyhoo&#8230;The creation of <em>Alice&#8217;s Adventures<\/em> has always\u00a0 &#8211; until recent times &#8211; been presented as something &#8216; Lewis Carroll&#8217;\u00a0 did entirely and spontaneously\u00a0and willingly <em>for the little girl<\/em>.\u00a0\u00a0 Indeed,  Charles Dodgson himself later defined it that way when,\u00a0 in the <em>Theatre<\/em> magazine\u00a0 many years after the event, he claimed he wrote the story\u00a0 &#8220;for a child I loved&#8221;.\u00a0 Though the fact he added the rather odd qualification\u00a0 &#8220;I cannot remember any other motive&#8221; \u00a0 might alert us that a little bit of creative &#8216;amnesia&#8217; is going on.\u00a0 Maybe by then, some twenty years after the event, that was how he actually remembered it.\u00a0 But the truth, while not exactly an entire contradiction, was a lot more ambiguous<\/p>\n<p>Let&#8217;s begin with a univeral constant though.\u00a0 One thing that is definitely true &#8211; Lewis Carroll <em>did<\/em> begin writing <em>Underground<\/em> because Alice Liddell asked him to,\u00a0 in fact his diary records her request in July 1862.\u00a0 But this is where the Myth and the Reality tend to part ways. \u00a0 The Mythic version goes on to have\u00a0 him writing down the entire\u00a0 story\u00a0 the very night that Alice asked him to do so,\u00a0 or at least very soon afterwards (chronologies can tend to be vague in these accounts).\u00a0 It has the story finished inside a few weeks\/months, and the book lying on a table at the Deanery where it chances to be seen by a family friend, who urges\u00a0 Mrs Liddell to get a shy and reluctant Carroll to publish the book.\u00a0 Hence, the story goes, an\u00a0 unassuming, unwordly Don stumbles into immortality, and all because he loved a child.<\/p>\n<p>It&#8217;s\u00a0 a lovely tale, to which,\u00a0 as\u00a0 the glorious Fielding (I never tire of quoting it)\u00a0 says,\u00a0 I have only one objection &#8211; namely that it is <em>not true<\/em>. Or at least it&#8217;s not the whole truth. It&#8217;s not even nothing but the truth. This is what really happened.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Summer of\u00a0 1862<\/strong>.\u00a0 Charles Dodgson\u00a0 is telling the &#8216;Alice&#8217;\u00a0 story to the three famous sisters, Ina, Alice and Edith Liddell,\u00a0 while\u00a0 on their famous river-trips.\u00a0 Indications are the girls\u00a0 loved\u00a0 the tale and were always begging for new instalments, but that Dodgson was less enthusiastic (on one occasion he calls\u00a0 it the &#8216;interminable&#8217; Alice&#8217;s Adventures, and is peeved because he wants to sing them a new song he just made up instead). At around the same time Alice asks him to write her story down. He promises he will do so.<\/li>\n<li> <strong>July 1862<\/strong>. He writes what he calls the &#8216;headers&#8217;\u00a0 of the story on a train journey to London with the Liddell family (OT &#8211; why is he travelling to London with the Liddells? One of those things he never explains) .<\/li>\n<li> <strong>July-November 1862<\/strong>. He apparently forgets all about the story for about four months.<\/li>\n<li> <strong>Nov 1862. <\/strong>He meets Alice\u00a0Liddell by chance in the quad at Christ Church, and that evening notes in his diary that he has started writing the story\u00a0 (we can assume it is because she has reminded him of her request).<\/li>\n<li> <strong>Feb 1863.<\/strong> The\u00a0story is finished, but pictures not done.\u00a0 He gives the MS &#8211; not to Alice &#8211;\u00a0 but\u00a0 to<a href=\"http:\/\/www.george-macdonald.com\/\"> George MacDonald<\/a> &#8211; best selling children&#8217;s author and close friend. He doesn&#8217;t say why he does this, but I think we can deduce that, while writing it, he&#8217;s begun to think it might have a commercial life and is canvassing opinions from writers and their children.<\/li>\n<li><strong>May 1863<\/strong>. Mrs GM tells\u00a0 him he should publish the book. Alice Liddell still has not received her MS,\u00a0 10\u00a0 months after asking for it. Dodgson is still, intermittently working on the pictures and ticking himself off  for taking so long.<\/li>\n<li><strong>October 1863.<\/strong> He meets Alexander MacMillan. His diary doesn&#8217;t say why, but subsequent events make it obvious he is talking to him about a possible publishing contract. Meanwhile Alice <em>still<\/em> does not have her book, 15 months after asking for it.<\/li>\n<li><strong>December 1863.<\/strong> He is trying to get an introduction to Tenniel to ask him to do the illustrations for <em>Wonderland<\/em>. Alice still has not received her book, 17 months after asking for it.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Sep 1864.<\/strong> <em>Wonderland<\/em> is being readied for publication. He finally finishes the pics on <em>Underground<\/em>, 2 years and 2 months after Alice asked for her book. But Alice still doesn&#8217;t receive it for another two months.<\/li>\n<li><strong>November\u00a0 1864.<\/strong> Alice finally gets her book,\u00a0 mailed to her by Dodgson, even though she only lives across the quad.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 She has been waiting\u00a0 28 months to receive it,\u00a0 and for 21 of those months it has been sitting in Dodgson&#8217;s study, pictures unfinished,\u00a0\u00a0 or passed round to the MacDonalds, to Tenniel, to MacMillan, and even to his friends the Ottleys,\u00a0 and, of course, developed and adapted in to <em>Wonderland<\/em>, which is now itself almost ready and will be\u00a0 published in just six months.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>This is the blurry, mundane\u00a0 truth. Dodgson didn&#8217;t write it down all at once just to please a child he loved, for all that he conveniently\u00a0 &#8220;couldn&#8217;t remember&#8221; otherwise.\u00a0 He wrote it after a four-month hiatus, and apparently rather reluctantly. And, before it was even finished he had begun thinking about publishing it in some form.\u00a0 The story of the book lying on the table in the Deanery and being accidentally spotted is\u00a0a piece of charming apocrypha.\u00a0 There&#8217;s no record of any such event in Dodgson&#8217;s papers, and the fact Alice didn&#8217;t receive\u00a0her book before Nov 1864, by which time Dodgson\u00a0was already well into publishing <em>Wonderland<\/em>, makes it highly improbable, if not impossible.\u00a0 But anyhow, Dodgson &#8211; the real Dodgson &#8211;  didn&#8217;t need nudging into professional authorship. He\u00a0 was eager for it already. And why not? He deserved that much.<\/p>\n<p>Does all this lessen the meaning of his work?\u00a0 Of course not.\u00a0 &#8216;Alice&#8217; is\u00a0 much too powerful to need some anemic mythology to prop it up.\u00a0 Does it even mean he didn&#8217;t love Alice Liddell?\u00a0 No, of course not. He clearly did love her and her sisters. It just means he was a human being, not an impossible, idealized Saint Lewis.\u00a0 When he\u00a0 made <em>Underground<\/em> the basis of <em>Wonderland, <\/em>and when he gave that creative process priority over his gift to the &#8216;child he loved&#8217;, he was, unquestionably being rather\u00a0 selfish, and  I think he knew it, which is why he reinvented the creation-story inside his own head, and why &#8211; probably &#8211; he preferred to mail the belated gift to the child, rather than have to explain why it had taken him so long.<\/p>\n<p>But I think he should have spared himself the self-deception, because he didn&#8217;t need it.\u00a0 There was nothing wrong with what he did. Genius requires a little selfishness.\u00a0 And the fact is, if he&#8217;d been\u00a0 entirely <em>un<\/em>selfish at that moment,\u00a0 Alice might have gotten her book on time, but <em>Alice&#8217;s Adventures in Wonderland <\/em>would probably never have been written at all, and  that would change the landscape of the modern world more than we can ever want to imagine.\u00a0 His small human selfishness reaped a huge and generous reward. So, I think we can forgive him &#8211; though I&#8217;m not sure Alice Liddell ever did<\/p>\n<p>But that&#8217;s another story isn&#8217;t it.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>It&#8217;ll\u00a0 be November soon, the month in which Alice&#8217;s\u00a0 Adventures Underground was begun and (two looong\u00a0 years later) finally delivered to its intended recipient, Alice Liddell.\u00a0\u00a0 It&#8217;s\u00a0 one of the most myth-drenched areas of Lewis Carroll&#8217;s life.\u00a0 So it does no harm to use the upcoming anniversary to take another look.\u00a0 (By the way, for [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[3,58,51,50,11,52],"tags":[73,19,21,59,61,60,26],"class_list":["post-431","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-alice-in-wonderland","category-alices-adventures-underground","category-biography","category-lewis-carroll-2","category-the-carroll-myth","category-works","tag-alice-in-wonderland","tag-alice-liddell","tag-carroll-myth","tag-charles-lutwidge-dodgson","tag-george-macdonald","tag-john-tenniel","tag-lewis-carroll"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p17WIo-6X","jetpack-related-posts":[],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/contrariwise.info\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/431","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/contrariwise.info\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/contrariwise.info\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/contrariwise.info\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/contrariwise.info\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=431"}],"version-history":[{"count":42,"href":"https:\/\/contrariwise.info\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/431\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":684,"href":"https:\/\/contrariwise.info\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/431\/revisions\/684"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/contrariwise.info\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=431"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/contrariwise.info\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=431"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/contrariwise.info\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=431"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}